ICALEPCS2023 - List of Keywords (FEL)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MO2BCO02	Concept and Design of an Extensible Middle-Layer Application Framework for Accelerator Operations and Development	framework, controls, laser, software	30
	M. Schütte, J. Georg, A. Grünhagen, H. Schlarb DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Data collection and analysis are becoming increasingly vital not only for the experiments conducted with particle accelerators but also for their operation, maintenance, and development. Due to lack of feasible alternatives, experts regularly resort to writing task-specific scripts to perform actions such as (event triggered or temporary) data collection, system failure detection and recovery, and even simple high-level feedbacks. Often, these scripts are not shared and are deemed to have little reuse value, giving them a short lifetime and causing redundant work. We report on a modular Python framework for constructing middle-layer applications from a library of parameterized functionality blocks (modules) by writing a simple configuration file in a human-oriented format. This encourages the creation of maintainable and reusable modules while offering an increasingly powerful and flexible platform that has few requirements to the user. A core engine instantiates the modules according to the configuration file, collects the required data from the control system and distributes it to the individual module instances for processing. Additionally, a publisher-subscriber messaging system is provided for inter-module communication. We discuss architecture & design choices, current state and future goals of the framework as well as real use-case examples from the European XFEL.
	Slides MO2BCO02 [1.915 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO2BCO02
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 30 October 2023
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MO2AO03	The Solid Sample Scanning Workflow at the European XFEL	target, experiment, database, controls	78
	A. García-Tabarés Valdivieso, C. Deiter, L. Gelisio, S. Göde, S. Hauf, A.K. Kardoost, I. Karpics, J. Schulz, F. Sohn EuXFEL, Schelefeld, Germany
	The fast solid sample scanner (FSSS) used at the HED instrument of the European XFEL (EuXFEL) enables data collection from multiple samples mounted into standardized frames which can be exchanged via a transfer system without breaking the interaction chamber vacuum. In order to maximize the effective target shot repetition rate, it is a key requirement to use sample holders containing pre-aligned targets measured on an accurate level of a few micrometers. This contribution describes the automated sample delivery workflow for performing solid sample scanning using the FSSS. This workflow covers the entire process, from automatically identifying target positions within the sample, using machine learning algorithms, to set the parameters needed to perform the scans. The integration of this solution into the EuXFEL control system, Karabo, not only allows to control and perform the scans with the existing scan tool but also provides tools for image annotation and data acquisition. The solution thus enables the storage of data and metadata for future correlation across a variety of beamline parameters set during the experiment.
	Slides MO2AO03 [12.892 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO2AO03
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 20 December 2023
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MO4AO01	Xilinx Zync Ultrascale⁺ MPSoC Used as Embedded IOC for a Beam Position Monitor (BPM) System	EPICS, software, Linux, controls	210
	G.M. Marinkovic, D. Anicic, R. Ditter, B. Keil, J. Purtschert, M. Roggli PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	At PSI we are combining the hardware, firmware, operating system, control system, embedded event system, operation and supervision in a Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system for 24/7 accelerator operation, using a Multi-Processing-System-on-Chip (MPSoC) of type Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+. We presently use MPSoCs for our latest generic BPM electronics platform called "DBPM3" in the Athos soft X-ray branch, as well as for new BPMs and general controls hardware and devices for SLS 2.0, a major upgrade of the Swiss Light Source. We are also in the process of upgrading our previous "MBU" (modular BPM Unit) platform for the SwissFEL linac and hard X-ray "Aramis" from external VMEbus based IOCs to integrated add-on cards with MPSoC IOCs. On all these MPSoCs, we are integrating an EPICS IOC, event receiver, measurement and feedback data real-time processing on a single chip. In this contribution, we describe our experience with the tight integration and daily operation of the various firmware and software components and features on the MPSoC, using the BPM system also to discuss general aspects relevant for other systems and components discussed in other PSI contributions on this conference.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO4AO01
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 23 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023
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MO4AO06	Overview and Outlook of FPGA Based Hardware Solutions for Data Synchronization, Acquisition and Processing at the Euxfel	FPGA, hardware, timing, framework	233
	B.J. Fernandes, F. Babies, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, I.S. Soekmen, H. Sotoudi Namin EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The European X-Ray Free Electron Laser facility (EuXFEL) provides ultra short coherent X-Ray flashes, spaced by 220 nanoseconds and with a duration of less than 100 femtoseconds, in bursts of up to 2700 pulses every 100ms to several instruments. The facility has been using standardized Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based hardware platforms since the beginning of user operation in 2017. These are used for timing distribution, data processing from large 2D detectors, high speed digitizers for acquisition and processing of pulse signals, monitoring beam characteristics, and low latency communication protocol for pulse data vetoing and Machine Protection System (MPS). Our experience grows in tandem with user requests for more specific and challenging case studies, leading to tailor made hardware algorithms and setups. In some cases, these can be fulfilled with the integration of new hardware, where collaboration with companies for new and/or updated platforms is a key factor, or taking advantage of unused features in current setups. In this overview, we present the FPGA hardware based solutions used to fulfill EuXFEL’s requirements. We also present our efforts in integrating new solutions and possible development directions, including Machine Learning (ML) research, with the aim of bringing more accurate results and configurable setups to user experiments and facilitate communications with other platforms used in the facility, namely Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO4AO06
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 23 October 2023
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TUMBCMO38	Towards the Zero Code Waste to Increase the Impact of Science	software, controls, TANGO, survey	456
	P.P. Goryl, W. Soroka, L. Żytniak S2Innovation, Kraków, Poland A. Götz ESRF, Grenoble, France V. Hardion MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden S. Hauf EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany K.S. White ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Accelerators and other big science facilities rely heavily on internally developed technologies, including control system software. Much of it can and is shared between labs, like the Tango Controls and EPICS. Then, some of it finds broad application outside science, like the famous World Wide Web. However, there are still a lot of duplicating efforts in the labs, and a lot of software has the potential to be applied in other areas. Increasing collaboration and involving private companies can help avoid redundant work. It can decrease the overall costs of laboratory development and operation. Having private industry involved in technology development also increases the chances of new applications. This can positively impact society, which means effective spending of public funds. The talk will be based on the results of a survey looking at how much scientific institutes and companies focus on collaboration and dissemination in the field of software technologies. It will also include remarks based on the authors’ experiences in building an innovative ecosystem.
	Slides TUMBCMO38 [0.294 MB]
	Poster TUMBCMO38 [1.016 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUMBCMO38
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 12 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 November 2023 — Issued ※ 06 December 2023
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TUPDP032	Reference Measurement Methods for Planar and Helical Undulators	undulator, vacuum, radiation, electron	575
	S. Karabekyan EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The modern permanent magnet undulators are usually equipped with motors that have integrated feedback electronics. These are essentially rotary encoders that indicate the position of the motor axis. In addition, undulators are also equipped with linear encoders that provide the absolute value of the gap between the magnetic structures or the position of the magnetic girders relative to the undulator frame. The operating conditions of undulators should take into account the risks of failure of electronic equipment under the influence of radiation. In case of encoder failure, the motor or encoder must be replaced. To avoid the need to return the undulator to the magnetic measurement laboratory, reference measurements are required to restore the position of the magnetic structure after replacement. In this article, reference measurement procedures for planar and helical APPLE-X undulators used at the European XFEL are presented.
	Poster TUPDP032 [1.358 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP032
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 December 2023 — Issued ※ 17 December 2023
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TUPDP033	Applying Model Predictive Control to Regulate Thermal Stability of a Hard X-ray Monochromator Using the Karabo SCADA Framework	controls, software, SCADA, framework	579
	M.A. Smith, G. Giovanetti, S. Hauf, I. Karpics, A. Parenti, A. Samadli, L. Samoylova, A. Silenzi, F. Sohn, P. Zalden EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an advanced method of process control whereby a model is developed for a real-life system and an optimal control solution is then calculated and applied to control the system. At each time step, the MPC controller uses the system model and system state to minimize a cost function for optimal control. The Karabo SCADA Framework is a distributed control system developed specifically for European XFEL facility, consisting of tens of thousands of hardware and software devices and over two million attributes to track system state. This contribution describes the application of the Python MPC Toolbox within the Karabo SCADA Framework to solve a monochromator temperature control problem. Additionally, the experiences gained in this solution have led to a generic method to apply MPC to any group of Karabo SCADA devices.
	Poster TUPDP033 [0.337 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP033
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 18 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 04 December 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023
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TUPDP065	Introduction to the Control System of the PAL-XFEL Beamlines	controls, experiment, network, EPICS	655
	G.S. Park, S-M. Hwang, M.Z. Jeong, W.U. Kang, C.Y. Lim PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea
	The PAL-XFEL beamlines are composed of two different types of beamlines: a hard X-ray beamline and a soft X-ray beamline. The hard X-ray beamline generates free electron lasers with pulse energies ranging from 2-15 keV, pulse lengths of 10-35 fs, and arrival time errors of less than 20 fs from 4-11 GeV electron beams for X-ray Scattering & Spectroscopy (XSS) and Nano Crystallography & Coherent Imaging (NCI) experiments. On the other hand, the soft X-ray beamline generates free electron lasers with photon energies ranging from 0.25-1.25 keV, and with more than 10¹² photons, along with 3 GeV electron beams for soft X-ray Scattering & Spectroscopy (SSS) experiments. To conduct experiments using the XFEL, precise beam alignment, diagnostics, and control of experimental devices are necessary. The devices of the three beamlines are composed of control systems based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), which is a widely-used open-source software framework for distributed control systems. The beam diagnostic devices include QBPM (Quad Beam Position Monitor), photodiode, Pop-in monitor, and inline spectrometer, among others. Additionally, there are other systems such as CRL (Compound Refractive Lenses), KB mirror (Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror), attenuator, and vacuum that are used in the PAL-XFEL beamlines. We would like to introduce the control system, event timing, and network configuration for PAL-XFEL experiments.
	Poster TUPDP065 [1.116 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP065
About •	Received ※ 10 October 2023 — Revised ※ 11 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 29 October 2023
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TUPDP106	SwissFEL Resonant Kicker Control System	kicker, controls, electron, EPICS	813
	R.A. Krempaská, A.D. Alarcon, S. Dordevic, C.H. Gough, M. Paraliev, W. Portmann PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	SwissFEL X-ray Free Electron Laser at the Paul Scherrer Institute is a user facility designed to run in two electron bunch mode in order to serve simultaneously two experimental beamline stations. Two closely spaced (28 ns) electron bunches are accelerated in one RF macro pulse up to 3 GeV. A high stability resonant kicker system and a Lambertson septum magnet are used to separate the bunches and to send them to the respective beamlines[1]. The resonant kickers control system consists of various hardware and software components whose tasks are the synchronization of the kickers with the electron beam, pulse-to-pulse amplitude and phase measurement, generating pulsed RF power to excite a resonating deflection current, as well as movement of the mechanical tuning vanes of the resonant kickers. The feedback software monitors and controls all the important parameters. We present the integration solutions of these components into EPICS.
	Poster TUPDP106 [2.025 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP106
About •	Received ※ 03 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023
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TUSDSC03	Integrating Tools to Aid the Automation of PLC Development Within the TwinCat Environment	interface, PLC, hardware, controls	925
	N. Mashayekh, B. Baranasic, M. Bueno, L. Feltrin Zanellatto, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, S.T. Huynh, N. Jardón Bueno, J. Tolkiehn EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	Within the myriad of day to day activities, a consistent and standardised code base can be hard to achieve, especially when a diverse array of developers across different fields are involved. By creating tools and wizards, it becomes possible to guide the developer and/or user through many of the development and generic tasks associated with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). At the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL), we have striven to achieve structure and consistency within the PLC framework through the use of C# tools which are embedded into the TwinCAT environment (Visual Studio) as extensions. These tools aid PLC development and deployment, and provide a clean and consistent way to develop, configure and integrate code from the hardware level, to the Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system.
	Poster TUSDSC03 [0.137 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUSDSC03
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 29 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023
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WE1BCO02	Data Management Infrastructure for European XFEL	experiment, data-management, network, hardware	952
	J. Malka, S. Aplin, D. Boukhelef, K. Filippakopoulos, L.G. Maia, T. Piszczek, Mr. Previtali, J. Szuba, K. Wrona EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany S. Dietrich, MA. Gasthuber, J. Hannappel, M. Karimi, Y. Kemp, R. Lueken, T. Mkrtchyan, K. Ohrenberg, F. Schlünzen, P. Suchowski, C. Voss DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Effective data management is crucial to ensure research data is easily accessible and usable. We will present design and implementation of the European XFEL data management infrastructure supporting high level data management services. The system architecture comprises four layers of storage systems, each designed to address specific challenges. The first layer, referred to as online, is designed as a fast cache to accommodate extreme high rates (up to 15GB/s) of data generated during experiment at single scientific instrument. The second layer, called high-performance storage, provides necessary capabilities for data processing both during and after experiments. The layers are incorporated into a single infiniband fabric and connected through a 4km long 1Tb/s link. This allows fast data transfer from the European XFEL experiment hall to the DESY computing center. The third layer, mass-storage, extends the capacity of data storage system to allow mid-term data access for detailed analysis. Finally, the tape archive, provides data safety and long-term archive (5-10years). The high performance and mass storage systems are connected to computing clusters. This allows users to perform near-online and offline data analysis or alternatively export data outside of the European XFEL facility. The data management infrastructure at the European XFEL has the capacity to accept and process up to 2PB of data per day, which demonstrates the remarkable capabilities of all the sub-services involved in this process.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-WE1BCO02
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 23 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 December 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023
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WE3BCO01	Modular and Scalable Archiving for EPICS and Other Time Series Using ScyllaDB and Rust	database, EPICS, MMI, operation	1008
	D. Werder, T. Humar PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	At PSI we currently run too many different products with the common goal of archiving timestamped data. This includes EPICS Channel Archiver as well as Archiver Appliance for EPICS IOC’s, a buffer storage for beam-synchronous data at SwissFEL, and more. This number of monolithic solutions is too large to maintain and overlaps in functionality. Each solution brings their own storage engine, file format and centralized design which is hard to scale. In this talk I report on how we factored the system into modular components with clean interfaces. At the core, the different storage engines and file formats have been replaced by ScyllaDB, which is an open source product with enterprise support and remarkable adoption in the industry. We gain from its distributed, fault-tolerant and scalable design. The ingest of data into ScyllaDB is factored into components according to the different type of protocols of the sources, e.g. Channel Access. Here we build upon the Rust language and achieve robust, maintainable and performant services. One interface to access and process the recorded data is the HTTP retrieval service. This service offers e.g. search among the channels by various criteria, full event data as well as aggregated and binned data in either json or binary formats. This service can also run user-defined data transformations and act as a source for Grafana for a first view into recorded channel data. Our setup for SwissFEL ingests the ~370k EPICS updates/s from ~220k PVs (scalar and waveform), having rates between 0.1 and 100 Hz.
	Slides WE3BCO01 [1.179 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-WE3BCO01
About •	Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 December 2023 — Issued ※ 14 December 2023
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TH1BCO06	The Karabo Control System	controls, GUI, interface, operation	1120
	S. Hauf, N. Anakkappalla, J.T. Bin Taufik, V. Bondar, R. Costa, W. Ehsan, S.G. Esenov, G. Flucke, A. García-Tabarés Valdivieso, G. Giovanetti, D. Goeries, D.G. Hickin, I. Karpics, A. Klimovskaia, A. Parenti, A. Samadli, H. Santos, A. Silenzi, M.A. Smith, F. Sohn, M. Staffehl, C. Youngman EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The Karabo distributed control system has been developed to address the challenging requirements of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility, which include custom-made hardware, and high data rates and volumes. Karabo implements a broker-based SCADA environment. Extensions to the core framework, called devices, provide control of hardware, monitoring, data acquisition and online processing on distributed hardware. Services for data logging and for configuration management exist. The framework exposes Python and C++ APIs, which enable developers to quickly respond to requirements within an efficient development environment. An AI driven device code generator facilitates prototyping. Karabo’s GUI features an intuitive, coding-free control panel builder. This allows non-software engineers to create synoptic control views. This contribution introduces the Karabo Control System out of the view of application users and software developers. Emphasis is given to Karabo’s asynchronous Python environment. We share experience of running the European XFEL using a clean-sheet developed control system, and discuss the availability of the system as free and open source software. Tschentscher, et al. Photon beam transport and scientific instruments at the European XFEL App. Sci.7.6(2017):592 ** Hauf, et al. The Karabo distributed control system J.Sync. Rad.26.5(2019):1448ff
	Slides TH1BCO06 [5.878 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TH1BCO06
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 03 December 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023
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TH2AO01	Log Anomaly Detection on EuXFEL Nodes	network, embedded, GUI, monitoring	1126
	A. Sulc, A. Eichler, T. Wilksen DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: This work was supported by HamburgX grant LFF-HHX-03 to the Center for Data and Computing in Natural Sciences (CDCS) from the Hamburg Ministry of Science, Research, Equalities and Districts. This article introduces a method to detect anomalies in the log data generated by control system nodes at the European XFEL accelerator. The primary aim of this proposed method is to offer operators a comprehensive understanding of the availability, status, and problems specific to each node. This information is vital for ensuring the smooth operation. The sequential nature of logs and the absence of a rich text corpus that is specific to our nodes pose a significant limitation for traditional and learning-based approaches for anomaly detection. To overcome this limitation, we propose a method that uses word embedding and models individual nodes as a sequence of these vectors that commonly co-occur, using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We score individual log entries by computing a probability ratio between the probability of the full log sequence including the new entry and the probability of just the previous log entries, without the new entry. This ratio indicates how probable the sequence becomes when the new entry is added. The proposed approach can detect anomalies by scoring and ranking log entries from EuXFEL nodes where entries that receive high scores are potential anomalies that do not fit the routine of the node. This method provides a warning system to alert operators about these irregular log events that may indicate issues.
	Slides TH2AO01 [1.420 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TH2AO01
About •	Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023
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THPDP017	A Data Acquisition Middle Layer Server with Python Support for Linac Operation and Experiments Monitoring and Control	cavity, controls, operation, experiment	1330
	V. Rybnikov, A. Sulc DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	This paper presents online anomaly detection on low-level radio frequency (LLRF) cavities running on FLASH/XFEL DAQ system. The code is run by a DAQ Middle Layer (ML) server, which has on-line access to all collected data. The ML server executes a Python script that runs a pre-trained machine learning model on every shot in the FLASH/XFEL machine. We discuss the challenges associated with real-time anomaly detection due to high data rates generated by RF cavities, and introduce a DAQ system pipeline and algorithms used for online detection on arbitrary channels in our control system. The system’s performance is evaluated using real data from operational RF cavities. We also focus on the DAQ monitor server’s features and its implementation. A. Aghababyan et al., ’Multi-Processor Based Fast Data Acquisition for a Free Electron Laser and Experiments’, in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 256-260, February 2008
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP017
About •	Received ※ 02 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 20 December 2023
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THPDP021	Equipment Life-Cycle Management at EuXFEL	controls, electron, software, hardware	1346
	N. Coppola, B.J. Fernandes, P. Gessler, S. Hauf, S.T. Huynh, N. Jardón Bueno, M. Manetti EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	Scientific instruments at the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL) comprises of a large variety of equipment, ranging from controllers, motors and encoders to valves. It is a false assumption that once a specific equipment had been procured and integrated, that no further attention is required. Reality is much more complex and incorporates various stages across the entire equipment life-cycle. This starts from the initial selection, standardization of the equipment, procurement, integration, tracking, spare part management, maintenance, documentation of interventions and repair, replacement and lastly, decommissioning. All aspects of such a life-cycle management are crucial in order to ensure safe and reliable operation across the life time of the equipment, whether it be five years, twenty years, or longer. At EuXFEL, many aspects of the described life-cycle management are already carried out with dedicated tools. However some aspects rely on manual work, which requires significant effort and discipline. This contribution aims to provide an overview of the requirements, and the ongoing efforts to develop and establish a complete life-cycle management at the EuXFEL.
	Poster THPDP021 [0.222 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP021
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 17 December 2023
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THPDP022	Adaptable Control System for the Photon Beamlines at the European XFEL: Integrating New Devices and Technologies for Advanced Research	controls, PLC, photon, interface	1349
	B. Rio, M. Dommach, D. Finze, M. Petrich, H. Sinn, V. Strauch, A. Trapp, J.R. Villanueva Guerrero EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The European XFEL is an X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) facility located in Schenefeld, in the vicinity of Hamburg, Germany. With a total length of 3.4 kilometers, the facility provides seven scientific instruments with extremely intense X-ray flashes ranging from the soft to the hard X-ray regime. The dimension of the beam transport and the technologies used to make this X-ray FEL unique have led to the design and buildup of a challenging and adaptable control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Six successful years of user operation, which started in September 2017, have required constant development of the beam transport in order to provide new features and improvements for the scientific community to perform their research activities. The framework of this contribution is focused on the photon beamline, which starts at the undulator section and guides the X-ray beam to the scientific instruments. In this scope, the control system topology and this adaptability to integrate new devices through the PLC Management System (PLCMS) are described. In 2022, a new distribution mirror was installed in the SASE3 beam transport system to provide photon beams to the seventh and newest scientific instrument, named Soft X-ray Port (SXP). To make the scope of this paper more practical, this new installation is used as an example. The integration in the actual control system of the vacuum devices, optic elements, and interlock definition are described.
	Poster THPDP022 [0.776 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP022
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 December 2023 — Issued ※ 14 December 2023
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THPDP023	Evolution of Control System and PLC Integration at the European XFEL	PLC, controls, interface, operation	1354
	A. Samadli, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, G. Giovanetti, S. Hauf, D.G. Hickin, N. Mashayekh, A. Silenzi EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The Karabo software framework* is a pluggable, distributed control system that offers rapid control feedback to meet the complex requirements of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) using Beckhoff technology are the main hardware control interface system within the Karabo Control System. The communication between Karabo and PLC currently uses an in-house developed TCP/IP protocol using the same port for operational-related communications and self-description (the description of all available devices sent by PLC). While this simplifies the interface, it creates a notable load on the client and lacks certain features, such as a textual description of each command, property names coherent with the rest of the control system as well as state-awareness of available commands and properties*. To address these issues and to improve user experience, the new implementation will provide a comprehensive self-description, all delivered via a dedicated TCP port and serialized in a JSON format. A Python Asyncio implementation of the Karabo device responsible for message decoding, dispatching to and from the PLC, and establishing communication with relevant software devices in Karabo incorporates lessons learned from prior design decisions to support new updates and increase developer productivity. Hauf, et al. The Karabo distributed control system J.Sync. Rad.26.5(2019): 1448ff ** T. Freyermuth et al. Progression Towards Adaptability in the PLC Library at the EuXFEL, PCaPAC’22, pp. 102-106.
	Poster THPDP023 [0.338 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP023
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 18 December 2023
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THPDP024	Automatic Configuration of Motors at the European XFEL	software, controls, hardware, PLC	1358
	F. Sohn, W. Ehsan, G. Giovanetti, D. Goeries, I. Karpics, K. Sukharnikov EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
	The European XFEL (EuXFEL) scientific facility relies heavily on the SCADA control system Karabo* to configure and control a plethora of hardware devices. In this contribution a software solution for automatic configuration of collections of like Karabo devices is presented. Parameter presets for the automatic configuration are stored in a central database. In particular, the tool is used in the configuration of collections of single-axis motors, which is a recurring task at EuXFEL. To facilitate flexible experimental setup, motors are moved within the EuXFEL and reused at various locations in the operation of scientific instruments. A set of parameters has to be configured for each motor controller, depending on the controller and actuator model attached to a given programmable logic controller terminal, and the location of the motor. Since manual configurations are time-consuming and error-prone for large numbers of devices, a database-driven configuration of motor parameters is desirable. The software tool allows to assign and apply stored preset configurations to individual motors. Differences between the online configurations of the motors and the stored configurations are highlighted. Moreover, the software includes a "locking" feature to prevent motor usage after unintentional reconfigurations, which could lead to hardware damage. * Hauf, Steffen, et al. "The Karabo distributed control system." Journal of synchrotron radiation 26.5 (2019): 1448-1461.
	Poster THPDP024 [0.549 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP024
About •	Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023
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THPDP025	The Superconducting Undulator Control System for the European XFEL	controls, undulator, power-supply, operation	1362
	M. Yakopov, S. Abeghyan, S. Casalbuoni, S. Karabekyan EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany M.G. Gretenkord, D.P. Pieper Beckhoff Automation GmbH, Verl, Germany A. Hobl, A.S. Sendner Bilfinger Noell GmbH, Wuerzburg, Germany
	The European XFEL development program includes the implementation of an afterburner based on superconducting undulator (SCU) technology for the SASE2 hard X-ray beamline. The design and production of the first SCU prototype, called PRE -SerieS prOtotype (S-PRESSO), together with the required control system, are currently underway. The architecture, key parameters, and detailed description of the functionality of the S-PRESSO control system are discussed in this paper.
	Poster THPDP025 [2.959 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP025
About •	Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 12 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 15 December 2023
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THSDSC04	CamServer: Stream Processing at SwissFEL and SLS 2.0	controls, data-acquisition, EPICS, monitoring	1585
	A. Gobbo, A. Babic PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	CamServer is a Python package for data stream processing developed at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). It is a key component of SwissFEL’s data acquisition, where it is deployed on a cluster of servers and used for displaying and processing images from all cameras. It scales linearly with the number of servers and is capable of handling multiple high-resolution cameras at 100Hz, as well as a variety of data types and sources. The processing unit, called a pipeline, runs in a private process that can be either permanent or spawned on demand. Pipelines consume and produce ZMQ streams, but input data can be arbitrary using an adapter layer (e.g. EPICS). A proxy server handles requests and creates pipelines on the cluster’s worker nodes according to rules. Some processing scripts are available out of the box (e.g. calculation of standard beam metrics) but users can upload custom ones. The system is managed via its REST API, using a client library or a GUI application. CamServer’s output data streams are consumed by a variety of client types such as data storage, image visualization, monitoring and DAQ applications. This work describes the use of CamServer, the status of the SwissFEL’s cluster and the development roadmap with plans for SLS 2.0.
	Poster THSDSC04 [1.276 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THSDSC04
About •	Received ※ 03 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 December 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MO2BCO02

Concept and Design of an Extensible Middle-Layer Application Framework for Accelerator Operations and Development

framework, controls, laser, software

30

M. Schütte, J. Georg, A. Grünhagen, H. Schlarb
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Data collection and analysis are becoming increasingly vital not only for the experiments conducted with particle accelerators but also for their operation, maintenance, and development. Due to lack of feasible alternatives, experts regularly resort to writing task-specific scripts to perform actions such as (event triggered or temporary) data collection, system failure detection and recovery, and even simple high-level feedbacks. Often, these scripts are not shared and are deemed to have little reuse value, giving them a short lifetime and causing redundant work. We report on a modular Python framework for constructing middle-layer applications from a library of parameterized functionality blocks (modules) by writing a simple configuration file in a human-oriented format. This encourages the creation of maintainable and reusable modules while offering an increasingly powerful and flexible platform that has few requirements to the user. A core engine instantiates the modules according to the configuration file, collects the required data from the control system and distributes it to the individual module instances for processing. Additionally, a publisher-subscriber messaging system is provided for inter-module communication. We discuss architecture & design choices, current state and future goals of the framework as well as real use-case examples from the European XFEL.

Slides MO2BCO02 [1.915 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO2BCO02

About •

Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 07 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 30 October 2023

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MO2AO03

The Solid Sample Scanning Workflow at the European XFEL

target, experiment, database, controls

78

A. García-Tabarés Valdivieso, C. Deiter, L. Gelisio, S. Göde, S. Hauf, A.K. Kardoost, I. Karpics, J. Schulz, F. Sohn
EuXFEL, Schelefeld, Germany

The fast solid sample scanner (FSSS) used at the HED instrument of the European XFEL (EuXFEL) enables data collection from multiple samples mounted into standardized frames which can be exchanged via a transfer system without breaking the interaction chamber vacuum. In order to maximize the effective target shot repetition rate, it is a key requirement to use sample holders containing pre-aligned targets measured on an accurate level of a few micrometers. This contribution describes the automated sample delivery workflow for performing solid sample scanning using the FSSS. This workflow covers the entire process, from automatically identifying target positions within the sample, using machine learning algorithms, to set the parameters needed to perform the scans. The integration of this solution into the EuXFEL control system, Karabo, not only allows to control and perform the scans with the existing scan tool but also provides tools for image annotation and data acquisition. The solution thus enables the storage of data and metadata for future correlation across a variety of beamline parameters set during the experiment.

Slides MO2AO03 [12.892 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO2AO03

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 20 December 2023

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MO4AO01

Xilinx Zync Ultrascale⁺ MPSoC Used as Embedded IOC for a Beam Position Monitor (BPM) System

EPICS, software, Linux, controls

210

G.M. Marinkovic, D. Anicic, R. Ditter, B. Keil, J. Purtschert, M. Roggli
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

At PSI we are combining the hardware, firmware, operating system, control system, embedded event system, operation and supervision in a Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system for 24/7 accelerator operation, using a Multi-Processing-System-on-Chip (MPSoC) of type Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+. We presently use MPSoCs for our latest generic BPM electronics platform called "DBPM3" in the Athos soft X-ray branch, as well as for new BPMs and general controls hardware and devices for SLS 2.0, a major upgrade of the Swiss Light Source. We are also in the process of upgrading our previous "MBU" (modular BPM Unit) platform for the SwissFEL linac and hard X-ray "Aramis" from external VMEbus based IOCs to integrated add-on cards with MPSoC IOCs. On all these MPSoCs, we are integrating an EPICS IOC, event receiver, measurement and feedback data real-time processing on a single chip. In this contribution, we describe our experience with the tight integration and daily operation of the various firmware and software components and features on the MPSoC, using the BPM system also to discuss general aspects relevant for other systems and components discussed in other PSI contributions on this conference.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO4AO01

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 23 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023

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MO4AO06

Overview and Outlook of FPGA Based Hardware Solutions for Data Synchronization, Acquisition and Processing at the Euxfel

FPGA, hardware, timing, framework

233

B.J. Fernandes, F. Babies, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, I.S. Soekmen, H. Sotoudi Namin
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The European X-Ray Free Electron Laser facility (EuXFEL) provides ultra short coherent X-Ray flashes, spaced by 220 nanoseconds and with a duration of less than 100 femtoseconds, in bursts of up to 2700 pulses every 100ms to several instruments. The facility has been using standardized Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based hardware platforms since the beginning of user operation in 2017. These are used for timing distribution, data processing from large 2D detectors, high speed digitizers for acquisition and processing of pulse signals, monitoring beam characteristics, and low latency communication protocol for pulse data vetoing and Machine Protection System (MPS). Our experience grows in tandem with user requests for more specific and challenging case studies, leading to tailor made hardware algorithms and setups. In some cases, these can be fulfilled with the integration of new hardware, where collaboration with companies for new and/or updated platforms is a key factor, or taking advantage of unused features in current setups. In this overview, we present the FPGA hardware based solutions used to fulfill EuXFEL’s requirements. We also present our efforts in integrating new solutions and possible development directions, including Machine Learning (ML) research, with the aim of bringing more accurate results and configurable setups to user experiments and facilitate communications with other platforms used in the facility, namely Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC).

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-MO4AO06

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 23 October 2023

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TUMBCMO38

Towards the Zero Code Waste to Increase the Impact of Science

software, controls, TANGO, survey

456

P.P. Goryl, W. Soroka, L. Żytniak
S2Innovation, Kraków, Poland
A. Götz
ESRF, Grenoble, France
V. Hardion
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
S. Hauf
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
K.S. White
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Accelerators and other big science facilities rely heavily on internally developed technologies, including control system software. Much of it can and is shared between labs, like the Tango Controls and EPICS. Then, some of it finds broad application outside science, like the famous World Wide Web. However, there are still a lot of duplicating efforts in the labs, and a lot of software has the potential to be applied in other areas. Increasing collaboration and involving private companies can help avoid redundant work. It can decrease the overall costs of laboratory development and operation. Having private industry involved in technology development also increases the chances of new applications. This can positively impact society, which means effective spending of public funds. The talk will be based on the results of a survey looking at how much scientific institutes and companies focus on collaboration and dissemination in the field of software technologies. It will also include remarks based on the authors’ experiences in building an innovative ecosystem.

Slides TUMBCMO38 [0.294 MB]

Poster TUMBCMO38 [1.016 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUMBCMO38

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 12 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 November 2023 — Issued ※ 06 December 2023

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TUPDP032

Reference Measurement Methods for Planar and Helical Undulators

undulator, vacuum, radiation, electron

575

S. Karabekyan
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The modern permanent magnet undulators are usually equipped with motors that have integrated feedback electronics. These are essentially rotary encoders that indicate the position of the motor axis. In addition, undulators are also equipped with linear encoders that provide the absolute value of the gap between the magnetic structures or the position of the magnetic girders relative to the undulator frame. The operating conditions of undulators should take into account the risks of failure of electronic equipment under the influence of radiation. In case of encoder failure, the motor or encoder must be replaced. To avoid the need to return the undulator to the magnetic measurement laboratory, reference measurements are required to restore the position of the magnetic structure after replacement. In this article, reference measurement procedures for planar and helical APPLE-X undulators used at the European XFEL are presented.

Poster TUPDP032 [1.358 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP032

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 December 2023 — Issued ※ 17 December 2023

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TUPDP033

Applying Model Predictive Control to Regulate Thermal Stability of a Hard X-ray Monochromator Using the Karabo SCADA Framework

controls, software, SCADA, framework

579

M.A. Smith, G. Giovanetti, S. Hauf, I. Karpics, A. Parenti, A. Samadli, L. Samoylova, A. Silenzi, F. Sohn, P. Zalden
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an advanced method of process control whereby a model is developed for a real-life system and an optimal control solution is then calculated and applied to control the system. At each time step, the MPC controller uses the system model and system state to minimize a cost function for optimal control. The Karabo SCADA Framework is a distributed control system developed specifically for European XFEL facility, consisting of tens of thousands of hardware and software devices and over two million attributes to track system state. This contribution describes the application of the Python MPC Toolbox within the Karabo SCADA Framework to solve a monochromator temperature control problem. Additionally, the experiences gained in this solution have led to a generic method to apply MPC to any group of Karabo SCADA devices.

Poster TUPDP033 [0.337 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP033

About •

Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 18 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 04 December 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023

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TUPDP065

Introduction to the Control System of the PAL-XFEL Beamlines

controls, experiment, network, EPICS

655

G.S. Park, S-M. Hwang, M.Z. Jeong, W.U. Kang, C.Y. Lim
PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea

The PAL-XFEL beamlines are composed of two different types of beamlines: a hard X-ray beamline and a soft X-ray beamline. The hard X-ray beamline generates free electron lasers with pulse energies ranging from 2-15 keV, pulse lengths of 10-35 fs, and arrival time errors of less than 20 fs from 4-11 GeV electron beams for X-ray Scattering & Spectroscopy (XSS) and Nano Crystallography & Coherent Imaging (NCI) experiments. On the other hand, the soft X-ray beamline generates free electron lasers with photon energies ranging from 0.25-1.25 keV, and with more than 10¹² photons, along with 3 GeV electron beams for soft X-ray Scattering & Spectroscopy (SSS) experiments. To conduct experiments using the XFEL, precise beam alignment, diagnostics, and control of experimental devices are necessary. The devices of the three beamlines are composed of control systems based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS), which is a widely-used open-source software framework for distributed control systems. The beam diagnostic devices include QBPM (Quad Beam Position Monitor), photodiode, Pop-in monitor, and inline spectrometer, among others. Additionally, there are other systems such as CRL (Compound Refractive Lenses), KB mirror (Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror), attenuator, and vacuum that are used in the PAL-XFEL beamlines. We would like to introduce the control system, event timing, and network configuration for PAL-XFEL experiments.

Poster TUPDP065 [1.116 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP065

About •

Received ※ 10 October 2023 — Revised ※ 11 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 29 October 2023

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TUPDP106

SwissFEL Resonant Kicker Control System

kicker, controls, electron, EPICS

813

R.A. Krempaská, A.D. Alarcon, S. Dordevic, C.H. Gough, M. Paraliev, W. Portmann
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

SwissFEL X-ray Free Electron Laser at the Paul Scherrer Institute is a user facility designed to run in two electron bunch mode in order to serve simultaneously two experimental beamline stations. Two closely spaced (28 ns) electron bunches are accelerated in one RF macro pulse up to 3 GeV. A high stability resonant kicker system and a Lambertson septum magnet are used to separate the bunches and to send them to the respective beamlines[1]. The resonant kickers control system consists of various hardware and software components whose tasks are the synchronization of the kickers with the electron beam, pulse-to-pulse amplitude and phase measurement, generating pulsed RF power to excite a resonating deflection current, as well as movement of the mechanical tuning vanes of the resonant kickers. The feedback software monitors and controls all the important parameters. We present the integration solutions of these components into EPICS.

Poster TUPDP106 [2.025 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP106

About •

Received ※ 03 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 11 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023

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TUSDSC03

Integrating Tools to Aid the Automation of PLC Development Within the TwinCat Environment

interface, PLC, hardware, controls

925

N. Mashayekh, B. Baranasic, M. Bueno, L. Feltrin Zanellatto, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, S.T. Huynh, N. Jardón Bueno, J. Tolkiehn
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

Within the myriad of day to day activities, a consistent and standardised code base can be hard to achieve, especially when a diverse array of developers across different fields are involved. By creating tools and wizards, it becomes possible to guide the developer and/or user through many of the development and generic tasks associated with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). At the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL), we have striven to achieve structure and consistency within the PLC framework through the use of C# tools which are embedded into the TwinCAT environment (Visual Studio) as extensions. These tools aid PLC development and deployment, and provide a clean and consistent way to develop, configure and integrate code from the hardware level, to the Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system.

Poster TUSDSC03 [0.137 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUSDSC03

About •

Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 29 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023

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WE1BCO02

Data Management Infrastructure for European XFEL

experiment, data-management, network, hardware

952

J. Malka, S. Aplin, D. Boukhelef, K. Filippakopoulos, L.G. Maia, T. Piszczek, Mr. Previtali, J. Szuba, K. Wrona
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
S. Dietrich, MA. Gasthuber, J. Hannappel, M. Karimi, Y. Kemp, R. Lueken, T. Mkrtchyan, K. Ohrenberg, F. Schlünzen, P. Suchowski, C. Voss
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Effective data management is crucial to ensure research data is easily accessible and usable. We will present design and implementation of the European XFEL data management infrastructure supporting high level data management services. The system architecture comprises four layers of storage systems, each designed to address specific challenges. The first layer, referred to as online, is designed as a fast cache to accommodate extreme high rates (up to 15GB/s) of data generated during experiment at single scientific instrument. The second layer, called high-performance storage, provides necessary capabilities for data processing both during and after experiments. The layers are incorporated into a single infiniband fabric and connected through a 4km long 1Tb/s link. This allows fast data transfer from the European XFEL experiment hall to the DESY computing center. The third layer, mass-storage, extends the capacity of data storage system to allow mid-term data access for detailed analysis. Finally, the tape archive, provides data safety and long-term archive (5-10years). The high performance and mass storage systems are connected to computing clusters. This allows users to perform near-online and offline data analysis or alternatively export data outside of the European XFEL facility. The data management infrastructure at the European XFEL has the capacity to accept and process up to 2PB of data per day, which demonstrates the remarkable capabilities of all the sub-services involved in this process.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-WE1BCO02

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Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 23 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 December 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023

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WE3BCO01

Modular and Scalable Archiving for EPICS and Other Time Series Using ScyllaDB and Rust

database, EPICS, MMI, operation

1008

D. Werder, T. Humar
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

At PSI we currently run too many different products with the common goal of archiving timestamped data. This includes EPICS Channel Archiver as well as Archiver Appliance for EPICS IOC’s, a buffer storage for beam-synchronous data at SwissFEL, and more. This number of monolithic solutions is too large to maintain and overlaps in functionality. Each solution brings their own storage engine, file format and centralized design which is hard to scale. In this talk I report on how we factored the system into modular components with clean interfaces. At the core, the different storage engines and file formats have been replaced by ScyllaDB, which is an open source product with enterprise support and remarkable adoption in the industry. We gain from its distributed, fault-tolerant and scalable design. The ingest of data into ScyllaDB is factored into components according to the different type of protocols of the sources, e.g. Channel Access. Here we build upon the Rust language and achieve robust, maintainable and performant services. One interface to access and process the recorded data is the HTTP retrieval service. This service offers e.g. search among the channels by various criteria, full event data as well as aggregated and binned data in either json or binary formats. This service can also run user-defined data transformations and act as a source for Grafana for a first view into recorded channel data. Our setup for SwissFEL ingests the ~370k EPICS updates/s from ~220k PVs (scalar and waveform), having rates between 0.1 and 100 Hz.

Slides WE3BCO01 [1.179 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-WE3BCO01

About •

Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 December 2023 — Issued ※ 14 December 2023

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TH1BCO06

The Karabo Control System

controls, GUI, interface, operation

1120

S. Hauf, N. Anakkappalla, J.T. Bin Taufik, V. Bondar, R. Costa, W. Ehsan, S.G. Esenov, G. Flucke, A. García-Tabarés Valdivieso, G. Giovanetti, D. Goeries, D.G. Hickin, I. Karpics, A. Klimovskaia, A. Parenti, A. Samadli, H. Santos, A. Silenzi, M.A. Smith, F. Sohn, M. Staffehl, C. Youngman
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The Karabo distributed control system has been developed to address the challenging requirements of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility*, which include custom-made hardware, and high data rates and volumes. Karabo implements a broker-based SCADA environment**. Extensions to the core framework, called devices, provide control of hardware, monitoring, data acquisition and online processing on distributed hardware. Services for data logging and for configuration management exist. The framework exposes Python and C++ APIs, which enable developers to quickly respond to requirements within an efficient development environment. An AI driven device code generator facilitates prototyping. Karabo’s GUI features an intuitive, coding-free control panel builder. This allows non-software engineers to create synoptic control views. This contribution introduces the Karabo Control System out of the view of application users and software developers. Emphasis is given to Karabo’s asynchronous Python environment. We share experience of running the European XFEL using a clean-sheet developed control system, and discuss the availability of the system as free and open source software.
* Tschentscher, et al. Photon beam transport and scientific instruments at the European XFEL App. Sci.7.6(2017):592
** Hauf, et al. The Karabo distributed control system J.Sync. Rad.26.5(2019):1448ff

Slides TH1BCO06 [5.878 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TH1BCO06

About •

Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 03 December 2023 — Issued ※ 12 December 2023

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TH2AO01

Log Anomaly Detection on EuXFEL Nodes

network, embedded, GUI, monitoring

1126

A. Sulc, A. Eichler, T. Wilksen
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: This work was supported by HamburgX grant LFF-HHX-03 to the Center for Data and Computing in Natural Sciences (CDCS) from the Hamburg Ministry of Science, Research, Equalities and Districts.
This article introduces a method to detect anomalies in the log data generated by control system nodes at the European XFEL accelerator. The primary aim of this proposed method is to offer operators a comprehensive understanding of the availability, status, and problems specific to each node. This information is vital for ensuring the smooth operation. The sequential nature of logs and the absence of a rich text corpus that is specific to our nodes pose a significant limitation for traditional and learning-based approaches for anomaly detection. To overcome this limitation, we propose a method that uses word embedding and models individual nodes as a sequence of these vectors that commonly co-occur, using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). We score individual log entries by computing a probability ratio between the probability of the full log sequence including the new entry and the probability of just the previous log entries, without the new entry. This ratio indicates how probable the sequence becomes when the new entry is added. The proposed approach can detect anomalies by scoring and ranking log entries from EuXFEL nodes where entries that receive high scores are potential anomalies that do not fit the routine of the node. This method provides a warning system to alert operators about these irregular log events that may indicate issues.

Slides TH2AO01 [1.420 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TH2AO01

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Received ※ 30 September 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023

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THPDP017

A Data Acquisition Middle Layer Server with Python Support for Linac Operation and Experiments Monitoring and Control

cavity, controls, operation, experiment

1330

V. Rybnikov, A. Sulc
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

This paper presents online anomaly detection on low-level radio frequency (LLRF) cavities running on FLASH/XFEL DAQ system*. The code is run by a DAQ Middle Layer (ML) server, which has on-line access to all collected data. The ML server executes a Python script that runs a pre-trained machine learning model on every shot in the FLASH/XFEL machine. We discuss the challenges associated with real-time anomaly detection due to high data rates generated by RF cavities, and introduce a DAQ system pipeline and algorithms used for online detection on arbitrary channels in our control system. The system’s performance is evaluated using real data from operational RF cavities. We also focus on the DAQ monitor server’s features and its implementation.
*A. Aghababyan et al., ’Multi-Processor Based Fast Data Acquisition for a Free Electron Laser and Experiments’, in IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 256-260, February 2008

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP017

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Received ※ 02 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 20 December 2023

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THPDP021

Equipment Life-Cycle Management at EuXFEL

controls, electron, software, hardware

1346

N. Coppola, B.J. Fernandes, P. Gessler, S. Hauf, S.T. Huynh, N. Jardón Bueno, M. Manetti
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

Scientific instruments at the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser Facility (EuXFEL) comprises of a large variety of equipment, ranging from controllers, motors and encoders to valves. It is a false assumption that once a specific equipment had been procured and integrated, that no further attention is required. Reality is much more complex and incorporates various stages across the entire equipment life-cycle. This starts from the initial selection, standardization of the equipment, procurement, integration, tracking, spare part management, maintenance, documentation of interventions and repair, replacement and lastly, decommissioning. All aspects of such a life-cycle management are crucial in order to ensure safe and reliable operation across the life time of the equipment, whether it be five years, twenty years, or longer. At EuXFEL, many aspects of the described life-cycle management are already carried out with dedicated tools. However some aspects rely on manual work, which requires significant effort and discipline. This contribution aims to provide an overview of the requirements, and the ongoing efforts to develop and establish a complete life-cycle management at the EuXFEL.

Poster THPDP021 [0.222 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP021

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Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 17 December 2023

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THPDP022

Adaptable Control System for the Photon Beamlines at the European XFEL: Integrating New Devices and Technologies for Advanced Research

controls, PLC, photon, interface

1349

B. Rio, M. Dommach, D. Finze, M. Petrich, H. Sinn, V. Strauch, A. Trapp, J.R. Villanueva Guerrero
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The European XFEL is an X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) facility located in Schenefeld, in the vicinity of Hamburg, Germany. With a total length of 3.4 kilometers, the facility provides seven scientific instruments with extremely intense X-ray flashes ranging from the soft to the hard X-ray regime. The dimension of the beam transport and the technologies used to make this X-ray FEL unique have led to the design and buildup of a challenging and adaptable control system based on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Six successful years of user operation, which started in September 2017, have required constant development of the beam transport in order to provide new features and improvements for the scientific community to perform their research activities. The framework of this contribution is focused on the photon beamline, which starts at the undulator section and guides the X-ray beam to the scientific instruments. In this scope, the control system topology and this adaptability to integrate new devices through the PLC Management System (PLCMS) are described. In 2022, a new distribution mirror was installed in the SASE3 beam transport system to provide photon beams to the seventh and newest scientific instrument, named Soft X-ray Port (SXP). To make the scope of this paper more practical, this new installation is used as an example. The integration in the actual control system of the vacuum devices, optic elements, and interlock definition are described.

Poster THPDP022 [0.776 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP022

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Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 December 2023 — Issued ※ 14 December 2023

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THPDP023

Evolution of Control System and PLC Integration at the European XFEL

PLC, controls, interface, operation

1354

A. Samadli, T. Freyermuth, P. Gessler, G. Giovanetti, S. Hauf, D.G. Hickin, N. Mashayekh, A. Silenzi
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The Karabo software framework* is a pluggable, distributed control system that offers rapid control feedback to meet the complex requirements of the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) using Beckhoff technology are the main hardware control interface system within the Karabo Control System. The communication between Karabo and PLC currently uses an in-house developed TCP/IP protocol using the same port for operational-related communications and self-description (the description of all available devices sent by PLC). While this simplifies the interface, it creates a notable load on the client and lacks certain features, such as a textual description of each command, property names coherent with the rest of the control system as well as state-awareness of available commands and properties**. To address these issues and to improve user experience, the new implementation will provide a comprehensive self-description, all delivered via a dedicated TCP port and serialized in a JSON format. A Python Asyncio implementation of the Karabo device responsible for message decoding, dispatching to and from the PLC, and establishing communication with relevant software devices in Karabo incorporates lessons learned from prior design decisions to support new updates and increase developer productivity.
* Hauf, et al. The Karabo distributed control system J.Sync. Rad.26.5(2019): 1448ff
** T. Freyermuth et al. Progression Towards Adaptability in the PLC Library at the EuXFEL, PCaPAC’22, pp. 102-106.

Poster THPDP023 [0.338 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP023

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Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 18 December 2023

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THPDP024

Automatic Configuration of Motors at the European XFEL

software, controls, hardware, PLC

1358

F. Sohn, W. Ehsan, G. Giovanetti, D. Goeries, I. Karpics, K. Sukharnikov
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany

The European XFEL (EuXFEL) scientific facility relies heavily on the SCADA control system Karabo* to configure and control a plethora of hardware devices. In this contribution a software solution for automatic configuration of collections of like Karabo devices is presented. Parameter presets for the automatic configuration are stored in a central database. In particular, the tool is used in the configuration of collections of single-axis motors, which is a recurring task at EuXFEL. To facilitate flexible experimental setup, motors are moved within the EuXFEL and reused at various locations in the operation of scientific instruments. A set of parameters has to be configured for each motor controller, depending on the controller and actuator model attached to a given programmable logic controller terminal, and the location of the motor. Since manual configurations are time-consuming and error-prone for large numbers of devices, a database-driven configuration of motor parameters is desirable. The software tool allows to assign and apply stored preset configurations to individual motors. Differences between the online configurations of the motors and the stored configurations are highlighted. Moreover, the software includes a "locking" feature to prevent motor usage after unintentional reconfigurations, which could lead to hardware damage.
* Hauf, Steffen, et al. "The Karabo distributed control system." Journal of synchrotron radiation 26.5 (2019): 1448-1461.

Poster THPDP024 [0.549 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP024

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Received ※ 05 October 2023 — Revised ※ 25 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023

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THPDP025

The Superconducting Undulator Control System for the European XFEL

controls, undulator, power-supply, operation

1362

M. Yakopov, S. Abeghyan, S. Casalbuoni, S. Karabekyan
EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
M.G. Gretenkord, D.P. Pieper
Beckhoff Automation GmbH, Verl, Germany
A. Hobl, A.S. Sendner
Bilfinger Noell GmbH, Wuerzburg, Germany

The European XFEL development program includes the implementation of an afterburner based on superconducting undulator (SCU) technology for the SASE2 hard X-ray beamline. The design and production of the first SCU prototype, called PRE -SerieS prOtotype (S-PRESSO), together with the required control system, are currently underway. The architecture, key parameters, and detailed description of the functionality of the S-PRESSO control system are discussed in this paper.

Poster THPDP025 [2.959 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP025

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Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 12 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 December 2023 — Issued ※ 15 December 2023

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THSDSC04

CamServer: Stream Processing at SwissFEL and SLS 2.0

controls, data-acquisition, EPICS, monitoring

1585

A. Gobbo, A. Babic
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

CamServer is a Python package for data stream processing developed at Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). It is a key component of SwissFEL’s data acquisition, where it is deployed on a cluster of servers and used for displaying and processing images from all cameras. It scales linearly with the number of servers and is capable of handling multiple high-resolution cameras at 100Hz, as well as a variety of data types and sources. The processing unit, called a pipeline, runs in a private process that can be either permanent or spawned on demand. Pipelines consume and produce ZMQ streams, but input data can be arbitrary using an adapter layer (e.g. EPICS). A proxy server handles requests and creates pipelines on the cluster’s worker nodes according to rules. Some processing scripts are available out of the box (e.g. calculation of standard beam metrics) but users can upload custom ones. The system is managed via its REST API, using a client library or a GUI application. CamServer’s output data streams are consumed by a variety of client types such as data storage, image visualization, monitoring and DAQ applications. This work describes the use of CamServer, the status of the SwissFEL’s cluster and the development roadmap with plans for SLS 2.0.

Poster THSDSC04 [1.276 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THSDSC04

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Received ※ 03 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 December 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023

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