Keyword: diagnostics
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TUPDP010 The Laser Megajoule Facility Status Report laser, target, experiment, controls 498
 
  • I. Issury, J-P. Airiau, Y. Tranquille-Marques
    CEA, LE BARP cedex, France
  
  The Laser Mega­Joule, a 176-beam laser fa­cil­ity de­vel­oped by CEA, is lo­cated near Bor­deaux. It is part of the French Sim­u­la­tion Pro­gram, which com­bines im­prove­ment of the­o­ret­i­cal mod­els used in var­i­ous do­mains of physics and high per­for­mance nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tion. It is de­signed to de­liver about 1.4 MJ of en­ergy on tar­gets, for high en­ergy den­sity physics ex­per­i­ments, in­clud­ing fu­sion ex­per­i­ments. The LMJ tech­no­log­i­cal choices were val­i­dated on the LIL, a scale-1 pro­to­type com­posed of 1 bun­dle of 4-beams. The first bun­dle of 8-beams was com­mis­sioned in Oc­to­ber 2014 with the re­al­i­sa­tion of the first ex­per­i­ment on the LMJ fa­cil­ity. The op­er­a­tional ca­pa­bil­i­ties are in­creas­ing grad­u­ally every year until the full com­ple­tion by 2025. By the end of 2023, 18 bun­dles of 8-beams will be as­sem­bled and 15 bun­dles are ex­pected to be fully op­er­a­tional. In this paper, a pre­sen­ta­tion of the LMJ Con­trol Sys­tem ar­chi­tec­ture is given. A de­scrip­tion of the in­te­gra­tion plat­form and sim­u­la­tion tools, lo­cated out­side the LMJ fa­cil­ity, is given. Fi­nally, a re­view of the LMJ sta­tus re­port is de­tailed with an up­date on the LMJ and PETAL ac­tiv­i­ties.
LMJ: Laser MegaJoule
CEA: Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives
LIL : Ligne d’Intégration Laser 		 
poster icon Poster TUPDP010 [1.200 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP010  
About • Received ※ 28 September 2023 — Revised ※ 08 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 December 2023
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TUPDP103 Interlock Super Agent : Enhancing Machine Efficiency and Performance at CERN’s Super Proton Synchrotron operation, software, proton, controls 799
 
  • E. Veyrunes, A. Asko, G. Trad, J. Wenninger
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  In the CERN Super Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron (SPS), find­ing the source of an in­ter­lock sig­nal has be­come in­creas­ingly un­man­age­able due to the com­plex in­ter­de­pen­den­cies be­tween the agents in both the beam in­ter­lock sys­tem (BIS) and the soft­ware in­ter­lock sys­tem (SIS). This often leads to de­lays, with the in­ef­fi­ciency in di­ag­nos­ing beam stops im­pact­ing the over­all per­for­mance of the ac­cel­er­a­tor. The In­ter­lock Super Agent (ISA) was in­tro­duced to ad­dress this chal­lenge. It traces the in­ter­locks re­spon­si­ble for beam stops, re­gard­less of whether they orig­i­nated in BIS or SIS. By pro­vid­ing a bet­ter un­der­stand­ing of in­ter­de­pen­den­cies, ISA sig­nif­i­cantly im­proves ma­chine ef­fi­ciency by re­duc­ing time for di­ag­no­sis and by doc­u­ment­ing such events through plat­forms such as the Ac­cel­er­a­tor Fault Track­ing sys­tem. The paper will dis­cuss the prac­ti­cal im­ple­men­ta­tion of ISA and its po­ten­tial ap­pli­ca­tion through­out the CERN ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex.  
poster icon Poster TUPDP103 [4.719 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP103  
About • Received ※ 25 September 2023 — Revised ※ 11 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 05 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023
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TUPDP129 The LCLS-II Experiment Controls Preemptive Machine Protection System PLC, controls, interface, machine-protect 886
 
  • T.A. Wallace
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
The LCLS-II Pre­emp­tive Ma­chine Pro­tec­tion Sys­tem (PMPS) safe­guards di­ag­nos­tics, op­tics, beam-shap­ing com­po­nents and ex­per­i­ment ap­pa­ra­tus from dam­age by ex­cess XFEL av­er­age power and sin­gle-shots. The dy­namic na­ture of these sys­tems re­quires a some­what novel ap­proach to a ma­chine pro­tec­tion sys­tem de­sign, re­ly­ing more heav­ily on pre­emp­tive in­ter­locks and au­toma­tion to avoid mis­matches be­tween de­vice states and beam pa­ra­me­ters. This is in con­trast to re­ac­tive ma­chine pro­tec­tion sys­tems. Safe beam pa­ra­me­ter sets are de­ter­mined from the com­bi­na­tion of all in­te­grated de­vices using a hi­er­ar­chi­cal arrange­ment and all state changes are held until beam con­di­tions are as­sured to be safe. This ma­chine pro­tec­tion sys­tem de­sign uti­lizes the Beck­hoff in­dus­trial con­trols plat­form and Ether­CAT, and is woven into the LCLS sub­sys­tem con­trollers as a code li­brary and stan­dard­ized hard­ware in­ter­face. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPDP129 [1.146 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-TUPDP129  
About • Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 01 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 30 November 2023 — Issued ※ 16 December 2023
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WE3AO02 High Fidelity Pulse Shaping for the National Ignition Facility experiment, target, timing, laser 1058
 
  • A.S. Gowda, A.I. Barnes, B.W. Buckley, A. Calonico-Soto, E.J. Carr, J.T. Chou, P.T. Devore, J.-M.G. Di Nicola, V.K. Gopalan, J. Heebner, V.J. Hernandez, R.D. Muir, A. Pao, L. Pelz, L. Wang, A.T. Wargo
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344
The Na­tional Ig­ni­tion Fa­cil­ity (NIF) is the world’s most en­er­getic laser ca­pa­ble of de­liv­er­ing 2.05MJ of en­ergy with peak pow­ers up to 500 ter­awatts on tar­gets a few mms in di­am­e­ter. This en­ables ex­treme con­di­tions in tem­per­a­ture and pres­sure al­low­ing a wide va­ri­ety of ex­ploratory ex­per­i­ments from trig­ger­ing fu­sion ig­ni­tion to em­u­lat­ing tem­per­a­tures at the cen­ter of stars or pres­sures at the cen­ter of giant plan­ets. The ca­pa­bil­ity en­abled the ground­break­ing re­sults of De­cem­ber 5th, 2022 when sci­en­tific breakeven in fu­sion was demon­strated with a tar­get gain of 1.5. A key as­pect of sup­port­ing var­i­ous ex­per­i­ments at NIF is the abil­ity to cus­tom shape the pulses of the 48 quads in­de­pen­dently with high fi­delity as needed by the ex­per­i­men­tal­ists. For more than 15 years, the Mas­ter Os­cil­la­tor Room’s (MOR) pulse shap­ing sys­tem has served NIF well. How­ever, a pulse shap­ing sys­tem that would pro­vide higher shot-to-shot sta­bil­ity, bet­ter power bal­ance and ac­cu­racy across the 192 beams is re­quired for fu­ture NIF ex­per­i­ments in­clud­ing ig­ni­tion. The pulse shapes re­quested vary dras­ti­cally at NIF which led to chal­leng­ing re­quire­ments for the hard­ware, tim­ing and closed loop shap­ing sys­tems. In the past two years, a High-Fi­delity Pulse Shap­ing Sys­tem was de­signed, and a proof-of-con­cept sys­tem was shown to meet all re­quire­ments. This talk will dis­cuss de­sign chal­lenges, so­lu­tions and how mod­ern­iza­tion of the pulse shap­ing hard­ware helped sim­ple con­trol al­go­rithms meet the strin­gent re­quire­ments set by the ex­per­i­men­tal­ists.
LLNL Release Number: LLNL-ABS-848060 		 
slides icon Slides WE3AO02 [6.678 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-WE3AO02  
About • Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 09 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 22 October 2023
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THMBCMO26 FRIB Beam Power Ramp Process Checker at Chopper Monitor target, controls, FPGA, monitoring 1256
 
  • Z. Li, E. Bernal, J. Hartford, M. Ikegami
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supporting the U.S. Dept. of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0023633
Chop­per in the low en­ergy beam line is a key ele-ment to con­trol beam power in FRIB. As ap­pro­pri­ate func­tion­ing of chop­per is crit­i­cal for ma­chine pro­tec-tion for FRIB, an FPGA-based chop­per mon­i­tor­ing sys­tem was de­vel­oped to mon­i­tor the beam gated pulse at logic level, de­flec­tion high volt­age level, and in-duced charge/dis­charge cur­rent lev­els, and shut off beam promptly at de­tec­tion of a de­vi­a­tion out­side tol­er­ance. Once FRIB beam power reaches a cer­tain level, a cold start beam ramp mode in which the pulse rep­e­ti­tion fre­quency and pulse width are lin­early ramped up be­comes re­quired to mit­i­gate heat shock to the tar­get at beam restart. Chop­per also needs to gen-er­ate a notch in every ma­chine cycle of 10 ms that is used for beam di­ag­nos­tics. To over­come the chal­leng-es of mon­i­tor­ing such a ramp­ing process and meet­ing the re­sponse time re­quire­ment of shut­ting off beam, two types of process check­ers, namely, mon­i­tor­ing at the pulse level and mon­i­tor­ing at the ma­chine cycle level, have been im­ple­mented. A pulse look ahead al­go­rithm to cal­cu­late the ex­pected range of fre­quency dips and rises was de­vel­oped, and a sim­pli­fied mathe-mat­i­cal model suit­able for mul­ti­ple ramp stages was built to cal­cu­late ex­pected time pa­ra­me­ters of ac­cumu-lated pulse on time within a given ma­chine cycle. Both will be dis­cussed in de­tail in this paper, fol­lowed by sim­u­la­tion re­sults with FPGA test bench and ac­tual in­stru­ment test re­sults with the beam ramp process. 		 
slides icon Slides THMBCMO26 [0.389 MB]  
poster icon Poster THMBCMO26 [3.028 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THMBCMO26  
About • Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 October 2023 — Issued ※ 24 October 2023
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THPDP012 Evolution of the Laser Megajoule Timing System laser, timing, experiment, target 1312
 
  • T. Somerlinck
    CEA, LE BARP cedex, France
  • S. Hocquet, D. Monnier-Bourdin
    Greenfield Technology, Massy, France
  
  The Laser Mega­Joule (LMJ), a 176-beam laser fa­cil­ity de­vel­oped by CEA, is lo­cated at the CEA CESTA site near Bor­deaux. The LMJ fa­cil­ity is part of the French Sim­u­la­tion Pro­gram, which com­bines im­prove­ment of the­o­ret­i­cal mod­els and data used in var­i­ous fields of physics, high per­for­mance nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tions and ex­per­i­men­tal val­i­da­tion. It is de­signed to de­liver about 1.4 MJ of en­ergy on tar­gets, for high en­ergy den­sity physics ex­per­i­ments, in­clud­ing fu­sion ex­per­i­ments. With 120 op­er­a­tional beams at the end of 2023, op­er­a­tional ca­pa­bil­i­ties are grad­u­ally in­creas­ing until the full com­ple­tion of the LMJ fa­cil­ity by 2025. To ver­ify the syn­chro­niza­tion of the pre­cise delay gen­er­a­tors, used on each bun­dle, a new tim­ing di­ag­nos­tic has been de­signed to ob­serve the 1w and 3w fidu­cial sig­nals. Mean­while, due to elec­tronic ob­so­les­cence, a new mod­i­fied pro­to­type pre­cise of a delay gen­er­a­tor, with ’new and old chan­nels’, has been tested and com­pared. In this paper, a re­view of the LMJ syn­chro­niza­tion re­port is given with a de­scrip­tion of the first tim­ing di­ag­nos­tic as well as an overview of the LMJ delay gen­er­a­tor ob­so­les­cence up­date. It also pre­sents some leads for a fu­ture tim­ing sys­tem.
LMJ: Laser MegaJoule
CEA: Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives
 		 
poster icon Poster THPDP012 [3.535 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP012  
About • Received ※ 10 October 2023 — Revised ※ 14 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 19 December 2023 — Issued ※ 21 December 2023
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THPDP041 The RF Protection Interlock System Prototype Verification LLRF, FPGA, interface, software 1406
 
  • W. Cichalewski, P. Amrozik, G.W. Jabłoński, W. Jalmuzna, R. Kiełbik, K. Klys, R. Kotas, P. Marciniak, B. Pekoslawski, W. Tylman
    TUL-DMCS, Łódż, Poland
  • B.E. Chase, E.R. Harms, N. Patel, P. Varghese
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  The Radio Fre­quency Pro­tec­tion In­ter­lock sys­tem plays vital role in the LLRF re­lated/de­pen­dent ac­cel­er­a­tor sec­tions Pro­tec­tion. It’s main role is to col­lect in­for­ma­tion from num­ber dif­fer­ent sen­sors and in­di­ca­tors around near­est cav­i­ties and cry­omod­ule and pro­vide in­stant RF sig­nal ter­mi­na­tion in case of safety thresh­olds vi­o­la­tion. This sub­mis­sion de­scribes newly de­signed RFPI sys­tem tai­lored to the Pro­ton Im­prove­ment Plan II (PIP-II) re­quire­ments. The proof of con­cept pro­to­type of this sys­tem has been build. The paper in­cludes also the CMTF en­vi­ron­ment eval­u­a­tion tests re­sults and find­ings as an input to the next full-scope pro­to­type de­sign.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP041  
About • Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 26 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 December 2023 — Issued ※ 13 December 2023
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THPDP087 LCLS-II Controls Software Architecture for the Wire Scan Diagnostics controls, FPGA, software, electron 1556
 
  • N. Balakrishnan, J.D. Bong, A.S. Fisher, B.T. Jacobson, L. Sapozhnikov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
The Super Con­duct­ing (SC) Linac Co­her­ent Light Source II (LCLS-II) fa­cil­ity at SLAC is ca­pa­ble of de­liv­er­ing an elec­tron beam at a fast rate of up to 1MHz. The high-rate ne­ces­si­tates the pro­cess­ing al­go­rithms and data ex­changes with other high-rate sys­tems to be im­ple­mented with FPGA tech­nol­ogy. For LCLS-II, SLAC has de­ployed a com­mon plat­form so­lu­tion (hard­ware, firmware, soft­ware) which is used by tim­ing, ma­chine pro­tec­tion and di­ag­nos­tics sys­tems. The wire scan­ner di­ag­nos­tic sys­tem uses this so­lu­tion to ac­quire beam syn­chro­nous time-stamped read­ings, of wire scan­ner po­si­tion and beam loss dur­ing the scan, for each in­di­vid­ual bunch. This paper ex­plores the soft­ware ar­chi­tec­ture and con­trol sys­tem in­te­gra­tion for LCLS-II wire scan­ners using the com­mon plat­form so­lu­tion. 		 
poster icon Poster THPDP087 [1.079 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-THPDP087  
About • Received ※ 06 October 2023 — Revised ※ 10 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 December 2023 — Issued ※ 09 December 2023
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FR2AO04 A Physics-Based Simulator to Facilitate Reinforcement Learning in the RHIC Accelerator Complex cavity, controls, booster, simulation 1630
 
  • L.K. Nguyen, K.A. Brown, M.R. Costanzo, Y. Gao, M. Harvey, J.P. Jamilkowski, J. Morris, V. Schoefer
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The suc­cess­ful use of ma­chine learn­ing (ML) in par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors has greatly ex­panded in re­cent years; how­ever, the re­al­i­ties of op­er­a­tions often mean very lim­ited ma­chine avail­abil­ity for ML de­vel­op­ment, im­ped­ing its progress in many cases. This paper pre­sents a frame­work for ex­ploit­ing physics-based sim­u­la­tions, cou­pled with real ma­chine data struc­ture, to fa­cil­i­tate the in­ves­ti­ga­tion and im­ple­men­ta­tion of re­in­force­ment learn­ing (RL) al­go­rithms, using the lon­gi­tu­di­nal bunch-merge process in the Booster and Al­ter­nat­ing Gra­di­ent Syn­chro­tron (AGS) at Brookhaven Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory (BNL) as ex­am­ples. Here, an ini­tial fake wall cur­rent mon­i­tor (WCM) sig­nal is fed through a noisy physics-based model sim­u­lat­ing the be­hav­ior of bunches in the ac­cel­er­a­tor under given RF pa­ra­me­ters and ex­ter­nal per­tur­ba­tions be­tween WCM sam­ples; the re­sult­ing out­put be­comes the input for the RL al­go­rithm and sub­se­quent pass through the sim­u­lated ring, whose RF pa­ra­me­ters have been mod­i­fied by the RL al­go­rithm. This process con­tin­ues until an op­ti­mal pol­icy for the RF bunch merge gym­nas­tics has been learned for in­ject­ing bunches with the re­quired in­ten­sity and emit­tance into the Rel­a­tivis­tic Heavy Ion Col­lider (RHIC), ac­cord­ing to the physics model. Ro­bust­ness of the RL al­go­rithm can be eval­u­ated by in­tro­duc­ing other drifts and noisy sce­nar­ios be­fore the al­go­rithm is de­ployed and final op­ti­miza­tion oc­curs in the field. 		 
slides icon Slides FR2AO04 [2.694 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2023-FR2AO04  
About • Received ※ 04 October 2023 — Accepted ※ 05 December 2023 — Issued ※ 16 December 2023  
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